Defense

Dumping Credentails with MIMIKATZ and Passing the Hash (PTH)

I kid you not, I forget the commands, so I thought, hey let’s write a small blog post on credential dumping and pass the hash.

To achieve this we need: Debug privileges on a single machine or we need access to a disk that does not have full disk encryption. We also need the password to be re-used.

Mimikatz

Ok for this demo I’m going to run with the out of the box release for Mimikatz on a domain joined windows PC with Defender disabled.

To gain system we launch mimikatz from an admin shell and run:

privilege::debug

token::elevate

Now we are SYSTEM we access a range of high privilege level areas. Read more “Dumping Credentails with MIMIKATZ and Passing the Hash (PTH)” →

Defense

Hacking Guide – AESREPRoast and Kerberoasting

Kerberos Pre-Authentication Hash Retrieval and Cracking

We can enumerate active directory to find accounts that do not require pre-authentication. There’s a simple way of doing this using Rubeus:

.\Rubeus.exe asreproast /format:hashcat

We can see there is a vulnerable account that has Kerberos Pre-Authentication disabled.

This hash can be loaded into hashcat and possibly cracked (the hash in the screenshot is weak on purpose) Read more “Hacking Guide – AESREPRoast and Kerberoasting” →

PetitPotam Guides

From Zero to DA using ‘PetitPotam’

Introduction

Whilst I was on ‘holiday’ (seriously even when on holiday I almost always must do some work!) a few Windows vulnerabilities were published. Great work by Gilles Lionel, Benjamin Delpy and many many others!

Lab Setup

  • A Domain Controller
  • A Separate ADCS Install with Web Enrolment or two DCs one with ADCS installed.
  • A windows Client Device (non-domain joined)
  • An attacker device (I used Kali)

You do not need any domain credentials to conduct this exploit chain, so from a network adjacent unauthenticated position you can get DA with the right circumstances (default configuration). Read more “From Zero to DA using ‘PetitPotam’” →

Guides

Hacking 101

Back in 2019 I started to make some materials to help people with some basic offensive security techniques. I made three eppisodes of training materials. Well I’ve decided to re-release these, they haven’t really been changed but I’ve updated a few graphics on episode 3 and removed a link to Cain and Abel because it’s no longer maintained. I will probably go through these at some point and re-factor them.

I’ve got more documents on active directory security, I’ve actually written hundreds of pages on the subject but the challenge I’ve had is there is just so much to write, so I’ve decided I’m going to chunk it up into small blogs on a specific technique or area.

Read more “Hacking 101” →
CTF

Try Hack Me: Part 5 – Game Zone

Getting my agent on!

Today we look at a vulnerable web application room based upon the Hitman series!

https://tryhackme.com/room/gamezone

This is a fun room where we see an old but common vulnerability in untrusted user input lead to sensitive information disclosure (hashed credentials) which results in a threat actor gaining initial access. From here we then discover there is a weak security configuration (in effective network segmentation) and a vulnerable unpatched service. This chain leads to total system compromise. Read more “Try Hack Me: Part 5 – Game Zone” →

CTF

Try Hack Me part 4: Alfred

To the bat cave and fetch me some tea!

Welcome back everyone! Today we are posting a walkthrough of the ALFRED room on TryHackThis!

https://tryhackme.com/room/alfred

This is a fun room; it’s got real world technology deployed and the paths are exactly what you might find IRL! Attacking commonly deployed enterprise products is something that I really enjoy seeing on a learning platform and CTF as I think this equips people for realistic scenarios both from an offensive and defensive perspective! Right, so let’s hop to it! “Alfred I need a laptop and some tea!” Read more “Try Hack Me part 4: Alfred” →

Guides

Basic Package Management in Kali Linux

Apt this Apt that!

One thing that I found quite hard to deal with when I started using Linux coming from a Windows background was the package manager. I thought I would run through some basics here to give people a kick start on their journey!

In the Linux world the operating systems have repositories that are maintained, think of this like the windows update catalogue (but it includes way more). Here we have all the OS files (packages) and application (packages). Read more “Basic Package Management in Kali Linux” →

Defense

Things to do before you conduct a ‘red team’…

Introduction

‘Red Teaming’ the latest phrase in the cyber security world that brings a shudder down my spine! Now don’t get me wrong, adversary simulation is awesome, it’s a great tool and when wielded correctly brings massive value to enhancing your security posture… but alas, they aren’t always deployed in a business aligned and value driven position.

They sound ‘sexy’ and any pentester is going to jump at the chance to do one, let alone the sales and marketing teams will be grinning as they will come in with higher revenue but also will increase their case study portfolio for delivered red teams! (I’m not knocking this, it’s the reality of doing business).

Having witnessed a number of these take place against organizations who I don’t feel are ready for them, I thought I would write a piece on things I would recommend having in place before conducting a ‘red team’ assessment. Read more “Things to do before you conduct a ‘red team’ assessment” →

Defense

Defending Office 365 against MFA bypass using IMAP

So, you have deployed Office 365, you’ve setup multi-factor authentication and deployed password managers so that your users can safely use MFA where it is supported but fall back to app passwords where it’s not. Great stuff… except by default you aren’t quite as secure as you would think!

Default Office365/Exchange Online Config

Now this is great for HTTP based communication methods. but email isn’t restricted to HTTP only. When we investigate the default deployment configuration we see that IMAP and POP3 are both enabled. The below screenshot shows the default mailbox feature configuration:

Now as we know, both IMAP and POP3 do not support a second or multi-factor authentication by default, so in the GUI you should disable those (unless you have a really specific business reason that means you MUST use these) Read more “Defending Office 365 against MFA bypass using IMAP” →

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